Projects

Active projects

Robotic Triage For Value Retention In Circular Economy (RoboTriage)

Yongjing Wang (Principal Investigator)
Value: £1.8M (FEC) including £1.5M from the EPSRC
Duration: 2024-2027
 
Abstract: 

In the current Circular Economy (CE) landscape, many activities fail to fully realise the potential value of products, components, and materials. Rather than being repaired, reused, or remanufactured, a significant number of products end up in mixed waste streams and are recycled, which is the least valuable end-of-life CE option. This leads to a substantial loss of residual value.

One of the critical challenges in the CE is the absence of effective and efficient methods for large-scale separation of products, which are in very different used or end-of-life conditions, into various CE options such as reuse, repair, remanufacture, repurpose, or recycle. The presence of mixed waste streams poses a significant barrier to creating tighter loops of circularity and preserving materials at their highest value for an extended period. The current methods of evaluating end-of-life options are inefficient and inaccurate as they heavily rely on human judgment, which is often based on experience and prone to bias and error.

Similar to how triage can help create priorities and organisations in healthcare systems, RoboTriage proposes a new concept, circularity triage, referring to the process of rapidly examining products, components and parts to determine their best CE option, e.g. reuse, repair, remanufacture, repurpose, or recycle.

We aim to create and develop robotic systems that can perform triage tasks by capturing the health condition data of used products, allowing for a swift evaluation of product conditions so as to group products of similar conditions, avoid mixed waste streams and recommend highest-value CE options.

RoboTriage has five objectives:
• O1: To create robotic systems that can perform triage operations (at the motion level).
• O2: To create system intelligence that enables smart planning of triage operations (task level).
• O3: To identify new patterns and connections between product history data and product conditions using autonomous large-scale robotic triage (task level).
• O4: To identify value opportunities and develop circular business models with the new patterns and connections obtained to facilitate high-value retention (system level).
• O5: To support the uptake of CE and sustainability considerations and practices by industrial partners through three flagship case studies.

RoboTriage’s academic impact transcends the manufacturing and CE domains, extending to ICT, AI, and data science. The influence of RoboTriage extends into economic, societal, and environmental domains. RoboTriage technologies have the potential to be deployed for CE purposes, thereby enhancing their scale and productivity. On average, a one percent increase in robot density correlates with a 0.8 percent increase in productivity. This will be exemplified by our 11 industrial partners and over £400k cash contributions (over £600k in-kind included) from host organisations and partners. Facilitated by RoboTriage technologies, the promotion of high-value CE options such as remanufacturing could lead to a 90% reduction in primary material usage and a 55% reduction in energy and emission impact. The impact of this project will extend to international organisations through our United Nations partners, ITU and UNESCO, both of which are also our project partners.

Details:  UKRI

Robotic skill transfer and augmentation for contact-rich tasks in manufacturing (STAMAN)

Yongjing Wang (Principal Investigator)
Value: £1.3M (FEC) including £1M from the EPSRC
Duration: 2024-2027
 
Abstract: 

STAMAN’s vision is to create AI-based mechanisms to allow robots to share and recreate obtained digital skills (e.g. motion and force/torque control strategies) to allow easy automation scale-up for contact-rich tasks. This includes considering two research questions:

1) For skill transfer – how can a contact-rich skill be quickly transferred to a different robot (e.g. transferring a bolt-nut separation skill from a high-precision robot to a low-precision robot)?

2) For skill augmentation – how can existing contact-rich skills be used to create new contact-rich skills (e.g. augmentation of rigid-material skills to deal with soft materials)?

The project will develop a portfolio of research into the science of digital skills for contact-rich tasks, focusing on common manufacturing tasks such as bolt-nut assembly/disassembly, peg-hole insertion/separation, and shaft-ring assembly/disassembly. The ability to transfer and augment digital skills for contact-rich tasks will allow automation systems to be implemented on a larger scale, with minimal manual setting and fine-tuning required. STAMAN aims to create transferrable and augmentable digital skills that will underpin the development of mass machine skills for future manufacturing, similar to how industrial robots have contributed to modern mass production.

The proposed research encourages more use of robots in assembly (e.g. automotive, aerospace, electronics, etc.) and disassembly (e.g. repairs, remanufacturing and recycling), and thus directly contributes to the UK’s Made Smarter initiative and the circular economy goals.

Details: UKRI

Past projects

Self-learning robotics for industrial contact-rich tasks (ATARI): enabling smart learning in automated disassembly

Yongjing Wang (Principal Investigator)
Value: £300k from EPSRC and £100k from the University of Birmingham
Duration: 10/2021-09/2023
 
Details: UKRI
Summary video (produced in Oct 2024):
 

Affordable and modular robotic disassembly systems (EPSRC IAA )

Yongjing Wang (Principal Investigator)
Value: EPSRC IAA Follow on rate
Duration: 4/2023-11/2023
 
Abstract: 
Disassembly is a key step in remanufacturing and recycling. The status quo of disassembly for many consumer products is economically unjustifiable, mainly because of a lack of enabling technologies for the automation of disassembly. Also, some products, such as lithium-ion batteries from electric vehicles
and medical equipment, involve significant health and safety risks in disassembly (e.g. leakage and explosion), making disassembly expensive and difficult to scale up. 
In this project, we aim to significantly reduce the cost of robotic technologies by improving the design of the disassembly robot system to create a general-use low-cost robotic disassembly robot station (e.g. a single robot cell) that can be used for *** and *** – the two major disassembly operations to disassemble common consumer products. 
AMRD aims to develop a STANDARDISED robotic disassembly work cell that can be adopted in a variety of disassembly tasks with easy programming. It offers significantly more functionalities and a higher level of automation than the basic disassembly equipment, and significantly lower costs than the customised
solutions. Being standardised means the proposed robotic disassembly product can be mass-duplicated and mass-produced which will pave the way for scale-up.

Hierarchical use of battery : Intelligent evaluation and collaborative robot disassembly

Yongjing Wang (UK Principal Investigator)
Value: £*** from JITRI
Duration: 10/2019-10/2022
 
Abstract: 
This project develops a robotic disassembly system for end-of-life electric vehicle battery packs.

AMTECAA (Advanced Manufacturing Technologies to Create, Activate & Automate) programme

Yongjing Wang (Co-investigator)
Value: £10m funded by the European Structural Investment Funds (ESIF)
Duration: 2019-2023
 
Abstract: 

AMTECAA supports SME’s in Birmingham and Solihull. AMTECAA covers six high-impact interrelated technology areas, i.e. additive manufacturing, advanced machining, surface engineering, laser processing, and industrial automation while digital manufacturing (Industry 4.0) is an overreaching enabler for developing new products and processes.

If you’re looking to explore how automation technologies can help you be more productive or provide a competitive edge then please contact us. 

Official AMTECAA website 

Automatic disassembly replanning for autonomous remanufacturing

Yongjing Wang (UK Principal Investigator)
Value: £12k from the Royal Society and £12k from NSFC
Duration: 03/2019-03/2022
 
Abstract: 
A key step in remanufacturing is disassembly of the returned product to be remanufactured. Disassembly sequence planning is challenging due to uncertainties in the conditions of the returned products and complex recovery procedures involving human operators and machines. Rust, corrosion, deformation and parts missing may require disassembly plans to change
and adapt frequently. Current industrial robotic techniques, most of which designed for repetitive and structured motions in assembly, do not have the required flexibility for disassembly. The project will facilitate autonomous multi-agent model and optimal replanning to deal with unforeseen changes in
robotic disassembly processes. We expect to produce scientific results relevant to researchers in robotics, modelling & simulation, remanufacturing and recycling. The resultant techniques will promote the flexibility and robustness of robotic disassembly systems, and thus encourage a wider adoption of remanufacturing.